• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an electric machine, in particular an electric motor, with a stator (6) and a rotor (5) and a fixed sensor device (1-4) for detecting the relative position between stator and rotor, - wherein the sensor device is a flux guide (3) and a magnetic sensor element (2) and via the flux guide of the magnetic flux of a rotating with the rotor (5) magnet to the sensor element (2) is guided, - wherein the sensor element (2) with a distance from the rotor (5) is arranged and a between the air gap located between the sensor element (2) and the rotor (5) is bridged by the flux guide element, and - wherein the sensor element (2) is arranged directly on a printed circuit board (1). It is provided that the flux guide is as simple as possible to manufacture by having a single ferromagnetic bolt (3) which is arranged parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor (5), wherein one end of the bolt (3) in the immediate vicinity of the sensor element (2) is located.
    公开号:AT515170A2
    申请号:T50766/2013
    申请日:2013-11-19
    公开日:2015-06-15
    发明作者:Gerald Dipl Ing Vogt；Leopold Ing Hellinger；Gerhard Ing Neumann；Patrick Müller
    申请人:Melecs Ews Gmbh & Co Kg；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    description
    Electric machine with a sensor device for rotor position detection
    Technical area
    The invention relates to an electrical machine, in particular an electric motor, having a stator and a rotor and a stationary sensor device for detecting the relative position between the stator and the rotor, wherein the sensor device comprises a flux guide and a magnetic sensor element and via the flow guide the magnetic flux of a magnet rotating with the rotor to the sensor element is conductive, - wherein the sensor element is arranged at a distance from the rotor and an air gap located between the sensor element and the rotor is bridged by the flux guide, and - wherein the sensor element is arranged directly on a printed circuit board.
    The term "fixed sensor device " means that it does not rotate in the operating state, but how the stator is fixed. The sensor device may e.g. be firmly or detachably connected to the stator or the stator housing.
    The flux guide element serves to provide the magnetic field strength necessary for the measurement at the location of the sensor element. Because of space reasons, it is often not possible to place the sensor element sufficiently close to the rotor. The flux-conducting element is usually made of a ferromagnetic or soft magnetic material.
    State of the art
    Relevant electrical machines with sensor means are known from DE 10 2007 060 241 A1, where the sensor element is a Hall sensor and which is ferromagnetic. soft magnetic flux guide to form a magnetic yoke has two pole sections leading to the rotor and a web connecting the pole sections, wherein the sensor element is positioned adjacent to the web.
    A disadvantage of this embodiment is that the flow element is complicated to manufacture due to the construction of two pole sections and a web.
    Presentation of the invention
    It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a sensor device for an electrical machine which has a simple flux guide to be manufactured.
    This object is achieved by an electric machine having the features of claim 1, wherein the flux guide element comprises a single ferromagnetic, in particular soft magnetic, bolt, which is arranged parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor, with one end of the bolt located in the immediate vicinity of the sensor element. A single bolt is easier to manufacture as a one-piece element, so a three-piece flow element.
    The bolt can be fastened to the stator more easily, namely only at one point, while the three-part flow element of the prior art must be fastened to the stator in two places.
    As the bolt tapers toward the sensor element, it causes concentration of the magnetic field lines at the end of the bolt that is in close proximity to the sensor element. Thus, the magnetic field is amplified at this end of the bolt, the sensor element receives a stronger signal.
    One possible bearing of the bolt is that the bolt is mounted in a sleeve at its end facing away from the sensor element. The sleeve surrounds the bolt, preferably in a form-fitting manner. For example, in the case of a circular cross-section pin, the sleeve has e.g. a circular ring-shaped cross section. As a rule, the sleeve is at least partially surrounded by the entire circumference of the bolt.
    The sleeve may comprise more than half of the bolt in the longitudinal direction of the bolt so that only the end of the bolt protrudes out of the sleeve near the sensor element.
    The sleeve can be made particularly easily if it is integrally formed with at least a part of the housing of the stator. In this case, the sleeve and the sleeve-containing part of the housing of the stator may be made of plastic and manufactured for example by injection molding.
    The bolt can be introduced simultaneously with the production of the sleeve indiese, so that the bolt is in the Hülereinegossen. For this purpose, the bolt could be inserted approximately into the injection-molding tool before the liquid plastic enters the injection-molding tool. Alternatively, the bolt may be inserted into the sleeve of the finished molded part. There are basically two options for attaching the sensor element to the printed circuit board:
    The sensor element may be attached to the rotor-facing side of the printed circuit board. This has the advantage that the
    Distance between the sensor element and the rotor is smaller and the flow guide can be made correspondingly shorter.
    Or the sensor element may be attached to the side of the circuit board facing away from the rotor, wherein the circuit board has a passage for the bolt provided below the sensor element. Through this passage - in the form of a through hole in the printed circuit board - the bolt can still be brought directly (without a printed circuit board in between) and close to the sensor element, except for a distance of less than 2 mm, in particular less than 1 mm, by the end of the bolt in protrudes this passage.
    Since the remaining components of the circuit board are usually mounted on the side facing away from the rotor, the sensor element and other components can be mounted on the circuit board in the same process step, then a one-sided board assembly takes place.
    If a passage is provided in the printed circuit board, the bolt may have a smaller diameter in that longitudinal region with which it projects into the passage than in another longitudinal region, in particular at the other end, where the bolt is mounted in the sleeve. This has the advantage, in addition to the concentration of the magnetic field lines, that the passage can be kept small. The diameter of the passage will usually be smaller than the diameter of the sensor element, because the sensor element is usually attached to a part of its bottom side on the circuit board and electrically contacted.
    The diameter of the bolt is generally smaller than the diameter of the sensor element. The outer diameter of the sleeve may correspond to the diameter of the sensor element.
    The length of the bolt may be two to three times the diameter of the sensor element, but it may be substantially longer.
    In order that the sensor element can be automatically populated in the same method step as the other components of the printed circuit board (for the formation of a flat module), it can be provided that the sensor element is mounted on the printed circuit board surface mounted component. Surface-mounted devices (SMDs), in contrast to through-hole mounting (THT) devices, have no wire connections but are soldered directly to a circuit board by means of solderable pads.
    The surface mounting of the sensor element eliminates the need for wall or wave soldering of the sensor elements, which also results in a higher quality of the solder joints.
    The sensor element will usually be formed as a Hall sensor. A Hall sensor (also Hall probe or Hall sender) uses the Hall effect to measure magnetic fields. If a simple Hall sensor flows through a current and placed in a perpendicular thereto magnetic field, it provides an output voltage proportional to the product of magnetic field strength and Electricity is (Hall effect). A Hall sensor thus provides a signal even if the magnetic field in which it is located, is constant.
    However, a GMR sensor based on the GMR effect could also be used. The giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect or giant magnetoresistance is observed in structures consisting of alternating magnetic and nonmagnetic thin films of nanometer thickness. The effect causes the electrical resistance of the structure to depend on the mutual orientation of the magnetization of the magnetic layers, being significantly higher when magnetized in opposite directions than when magnetized in the same direction.
    Brief description of the figures
    To further explain the invention, reference is made in the following part of the description to the figures, from which further advantageous embodiments, details and further developments of the invention are to be taken. Show it:
    1 shows a longitudinal section through an inventive electrical machine with a sensor element facing the rotor,
    FIG. 2 shows a detail from FIG. 1 comprising the sensor element and the bolt, FIG.
    Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through an inventive electric machine with one, the rotor facing away
    Sensor element,
    Fig. 4 shows a detail of Fig. 3 comprising the sensor element and the bolt.
    Embodiment of the invention
    Fig. 1 shows an electric motor with a stator 6 and a rotor 5 and a fixed sensor device, which is mounted on the stator 6, more precisely on the housing of the stator 6. The sensor device comprises a flux guide element, which can be designed as a rotationally symmetrical (cylindrical) bolt 3 or also as a bolt 3 with an angular (for example substantially rectangular) cross section, and a magnetic sensor element 2, which is designed as a Hall sensor.
    Fig. 2 shows a detail of Fig. 1. In Fig. 2, it is to be noted that the sensor element 2 is disposed directly on a circuit board 1, on the side facing the rotor 5. The printed circuit board 1 contains - not shown here - other components for the control of the electric motor. These components are mounted on the other side of the circuit board 1. The bolt 3 is aligned with the center axis of the sensor element 2, its diameter here is slightly smaller than the diameter of the sensor element and substantially unchanged over the entire length of the bolt 3.
    The bolt 3 is held in a sleeve 4 whose length is approximately three quarters of the length of the bolt 3. The sleeve 4 is integral with the housing of the stator 6 and has been injection molded from plastic.
    Fig. 3 shows substantially the same electric motor as in Fig. 1. The sensor device again comprises a single flux guide, which may be designed as a rotationally symmetrical or angular bolt 3, and a magnetic sensor element 2, which is designed as a Hall sensor.
    Fig. 4 shows - analogous to Fig. 2 with respect to Fig. 1 - a detail of Fig. 3. In Fig. 4 it can be seen that the sensor element 2 is arranged directly on a printed circuit board 1, on that side, the Rotor 5 is turned away. The printed circuit board 1 contains on the same side - not shown here - other components for the control of the electric motor. The bolt 3 is aligned with the central axis of the sensor element 2, and its diameter is again smaller than the diameter of the sensor element 2. The diameter of the bolt 3 tapers to that end, which faces away from the rotor 5, to about half the diameter in the vicinity of the rotor. The bolt 3 projects at its rotor-distal end through a passage 7 situated immediately below the sensor element 2 into the printed circuit board 1. As a result, this end of the bolt 3 can be brought very close to the sensor element 2, for instance to less than 1 mm.
    The bolt 3 is held in Fig. 4 again in a sleeve 4, whose length is about half the length of the bolt 3. The sleeve 4 is made integral with the housing of the stator 6 and was made by injection molding of plastic.
    In these embodiments, the bolt 3 is made of soft iron, but it could also be made of another ferromagnetic or soft magnetic material.
    List of Reference Signs: 1 printed circuit board 2 sensor element (Hall sensor) 3 bolts (flux guide element) 4 sleeve 5 rotor 6 stator 7 passage
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    1. Electric machine, in particular electric motor, with a stator (6) and a rotor (5) and a fixed sensor device (1-4) for detecting the relative position between stator and rotor, - wherein the sensor device comprises a flux guide element (3) and a magnetic sensor element ( 2) and the magnetic flux of a magnet rotating with the rotor (5) is conductive to the sensor element (2), wherein the sensor element (2) is arranged at a distance from the rotor (5) and between the sensor element (2) and the air gap located on the rotor (5) is bridged by the flux guide element, the sensor element (2) being arranged directly on a printed circuit board (1), characterized in that the flux guide element has a single ferromagnetic bolt (3) which is parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor (5) with one end of the bolt (3) in the immediate vicinity of the sensor element (2).
    [2]
    2. Electrical machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the bolt (3) tapers in the direction of the sensor element (2).
    [3]
    3. Electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bolt (3) at its, the sensor element (2) facing away from the end in a sleeve (4) is mounted.
    [4]
    4. Electrical machine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sleeve (4) is formed integrally with at least a part of the housing of the stator (6).
    [5]
    5. Electrical machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the sleeve (4) and the sleeve-containing part of the housing of the stator (6) are made of plastic.
    [6]
    6. Electrical machine according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the bolt (3) is cast in the sleeve (4).
    [7]
    7. Electrical machine according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the sensor element (2) on the rotor (5) facing side of the printed circuit board (1) is fixed.
    [8]
    8. Electrical machine according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the sensor element (2) on the rotor (5) facing away from the printed circuit board (1) is fixed, wherein the circuit board (1) via a below the sensor element (2 ) provided passage (7) for the bolt (3) has.
    [9]
    Electric machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the bolt (3) has a smaller diameter in that longitudinal area with which it projects into the passage (7) than in another longitudinal region.
    [10]
    10. Electrical machine according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the sensor element (2) is attached as a surface-mounted component to the circuit board (1).
    [11]
    11. Electrical machine according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the sensor element (2) is designed as a Hall sensor.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2015074914A3|2016-03-31|
    WO2015074914A2|2015-05-28|
    AT515170A3|2018-01-15|
    EP3072221A2|2016-09-28|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    WO2001028076A1|1999-10-08|2001-04-19|Nmb Limited|An external rotor brushless dc motor|
    FR2807877B1|2000-04-14|2002-11-01|Meritor Light Vehicle Sys Ltd|FLOW CONCENTRATOR CONNECTOR FOR ELECTRIC MOTOR|
    DE10357346A1|2003-12-09|2005-07-07|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Electric machine|
    DE102007060241A1|2007-12-14|2009-06-25|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Electric machine with a sensor device for rotor position detection|
    EP2450575A1|2010-11-05|2012-05-09|Pierburg Pump Technology GmbH|Electric-motorised motor vehicle fluid pump|JP6626212B2|2016-01-13|2019-12-25|ピアーブルグ パンプ テクノロジー ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＰｉｅｒｂｕｒｇ Ｐｕｍｐ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ ＧｍｂＨ|Electric fluid pump for automobile|
    CN111317404B|2018-12-13|2021-08-06|美智纵横科技有限责任公司|Roller rotation detection assembly and cleaning robot thereof|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50766/2013A|AT515170A3|2013-11-19|2013-11-19|Electric machine with a sensor device for rotor position detection|ATA50766/2013A| AT515170A3|2013-11-19|2013-11-19|Electric machine with a sensor device for rotor position detection|
    PCT/EP2014/074267| WO2015074914A2|2013-11-19|2014-11-11|Electric machine having a sensor device for detecting the rotor position|
    EP14801971.4A| EP3072221A2|2013-11-19|2014-11-11|Electric machine having a sensor device for detecting the rotor position|
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